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Tribal Health

Why participatory approach for work in the tribal population?

tribal131

Most of the plans and programmes of tribal development fail or become counter productive because they are conceived by outsiders with a vision alien to the tribals. The participatory approach with emphasis on participation of the community in identification and prioritization of the problems, formulation of solutions and active voluntary participation in implementation ensures that

The selected priorities are the real priorities of the tribals

The proposed action is acceptable and feasible

The tribals become responsible and committed to the programme

SEARCH has opted for participatory approach for programmes in the tribal area.

Coverage:

47 tribal villages (population 10,000) of Dhanora Tahasil of Gadchiroli district

Programme implementation:

Through village level workers of SEARCH and “Danteshwari Sewaks”, the village volunteers selected and partially supported by the community

The Programmes:

· Malaria prevention and diagnosis and treatment

· Economic empowerment

· Cultural rejuvenation

· Children’s development

· Youth organizatio

img21SEARCH seeks direction and guidance from the collective wisdom of the tribals of Gadchiroli during the annual Danteshwari Jatra at

Shodhgram, and formulates programmes for community actions to be facilitated by SEARCH during the following year.

Tribal Health Program: Evolution of services and activities:

Year Activity / Services
1987
  • A sample survey of Sickle cell carried out by SEARCH in Gadchiroli showing the prevalence of sickle cell to be 15% in the district, with more than 6,000 homozygous cases of anemia in the district.
1988 – 1993
  • Spearheaded the successful movement against brewing and selling of liquor in the district leading to declaration of complete prohibition in the district.
1993-1998
  • Conducted series of meetings with the tribal communities and representatives from 50 villages to identify their health priorities, the available avenues of treatment and difficulties in care seeking. Starting the tribal friendly hospital at Shodhgram.
  • Emergency medical care was provided for patients especially for child birth, cerebral malaria and snake bites in the hospital at Shodhgram.
1998
  • First Tribal Health Assembly held at Shodhgram, the campus of SEARCH.
  • Resolution passed calling for regular Gram-Sabha.
1999
  • In the Tribal Health Assembly 165 representatives from 38 villages participated. The Ballot Box identifies Malaria as the key concern of the tribal communities followed by back / joint pains, diarrhea / dysentery, scabies, sexually transmitted diseases, risk during pregnancy, white discharge, pneumonia, malnutrition and sterility.
  • The prioritization by the tribal representatives was based on the burden of the problem, the inability of adults to work if afflicted by the morbidity and the resultant economic loss and reduction in the earning ability.
  • The resolution passed to select and train Danteshwari Sewaks / Sewikas (Community Health Workers) for managing these health priorities.
2000
  • Resolution passed in the Tribal Health Assembly to start program to reconstruct the Gotuls (Traditional Community Centers) in villages.
  • Resolution passed in the Tribal Health Assembly to involve the traditional healers of the tribal villages in managing the key morbidities, especially malaria.
  • Selling of insecticide treated mosquito nets in 25 villages for malaria prevention.
  • Youth provided free volleyballs and nets for games and sports tournaments started for tribal youth in the villages. Formation of 10 ` Gotul Samiti’ ( Tribal Community Centre) in 10 villages, thereby initiating sports activities for youth in these villages.
  • The community representatives elected five volunteers from the 62 voluntary health workers to be supervisors of 10 villages respect each.
2001
  • Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) made available to all villages
  • Health education of women through PowerPoint presentations in villages
2003
  • Started village micro-lending system (fund system) to encourage financial independence, called Gram Kosh.
2005
  • Started the work to improve the conditions of the Korma, including increasing the size, providing ventilation, and providing bathroom facilities.
  • Created a model of cleaner cattle sheds to reduce the incidence of malaria in people, and foot disease in animals (Kupanar village).
  • Worked on raising awareness to eliminate the practice of human sacrifice from 45 tribal villages (Dhanora block).
2006
  • Worked with Gram-Sabha to enforce the ban on Gutka (Kharra), liquor, tobacco
  • Provided training to tribal youth in RTI (Right to Information Act), NAREGA (National Rural Employ Guarantee Act), Gram-Sabha and PDS (Public Distribution System)
2009
  • Extensive training on NAREGA and job skills. (EGS – job cards, bank accounts, work measurement training).
2010

  • Worked for creating drinking water facility and wells in the villages through the district administration.
  • A protest resolution passed by the tribal leadership against the approval from Maharashtra government of 36 factories for making alcohol from food grain, mahua and fruits.
  • Facilitated delivery of BPL (Below Poverty Line) card to deserving tribals.
  • Started the Community Health diagnosis camp in tribal villages providing care for morbidities such as surgical, gynecological, medical, pediatric, ANC, Malaria, arthritis, Dermatitis, Bronchitis and Gastro enteritis.
2011
  • Conducted the training of Gram Sangis, to represent the village regarding RTI filing on NAREGA, PDS and FRA
  • Health volunteers sent by SEARCH to train on prevention of diarrhea and take surveys
2012
  • Started the mobile medical unit program for 45 villages
  • Provided malaria health education meetings held- promoting bed net use, sale, treatment and promoting shramdan
  • Arranged camps for providing caste certificate ad other useful government schemes for tribal.
2013
  • Distributed 6000 insecticide treated bed nets to prevent malaria with support from the Govt. of Maharashtra.
Some of the RTIs filed by the Gram Sangis trained in SEARCH
Village Information sought on
Mahawada Drain construction
Udegaon Watershed development
Paraswadi Drain construction
Gathanyeli Cement road construction
Katchkal NREGA estimate
Pathargota NREGA estimate
Suranda Cement road
Tulmail D 1- Registration
Gota NREGA pond construction
Rengatola NREGA pond construction
Gota Planning chart and functioning of PDS
Yelesgondi Planning chart
Bhaendikanar Zila Parishad school teacher complain, Tendu leave bonus
Kupaner Planning chart
Mendha Distribution of Kerosene
Tevetola Functioning of PDS
Gathaineli Functioning of PDS
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